如何理解mysqldump备份

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mysqldump 备份

逻辑 innodb 备份 mysql
标准备份
mysqldump -uroot -p123 –default-character-set=utf8 –single-transaction –extended-insert=false –hex-blob –master-data=2 –log-error=/tmp/test.err –routines –triggers –events –quick
–flush-logs –databases test1 t1 test1.sql

–quick 查询出来不放在 buffer，直接输出
–extended-insert=false 导出 insert 语句是多行，并非 insert into t values (),();
–lock-all-tables 将 myisam 表锁住，保持表的一致性
–single-transaction 将 innodb 表锁住，保持表的一致性
–master-data=2 file 和 position 的记录位置 ,2 代表注释
–databases 导出创建数据库的语句

恢复

mysql -uroot -p1234356 czb.sql

恢复其他库

1、将备份里的创建数据语句删除
2、use‘新库’
3、在 mysql 数据库创建新库
4、mysql -uroot -p123456 新库名 czb.sql

binlog 追加数据

根据 –master-data 参数备份记录备份的位置，通过 mysqlbinlog 查看

mysqlbinlog –start-position=3444 -d czb mysql-bin.000003 a.sql

–start-position=3444 //3444 这个值通过备份里的 –master-data 参数得到的

mysql -uroot -p123456
source a.sql

实验：

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 25
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.

mysql use czb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 –default-character-set=utf8 –single-transaction –extended-insert=false –hex-blob –master-data=2 –log-error=/tmp/test.err –routines –triggers –events –quick –flush-logs –databases czb t test1.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

[root@mysql_master backup]# ls
test1.sql
[root@mysql_master backup]#

以上备份完成

恢复到其他数据库：

[root@mysql_master backup]# vi test1.sql
#CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `czb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;
USE `back`;

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 27
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.

mysql create database back;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456 back test1.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
以上就是将 czb 库中的 t 表恢复到 back 库中

追备份后的增加的数据（通过 binlog）
假如现在备份的表有新的数据插入了。
[root@mysql_master backup]# more test1.sql
— CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE= mysql-bin.000004 , MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

[root@mysql_master data]# mysqlbinlog –start-position=120 -d czb /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000004 a.sql

[root@mysql_master backup]# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 31
Server version: 5.6.29-log Source distribution

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.

mysql use back

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