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这篇文章主要介绍了 DATAPUMP 如何导出时使用 exclude 排除表，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让丸趣 TV 小编带着大家一起了解一下。
一、问题描述
有个小小需求，要从生产数据库上导数据到测试库，问题是有张大表（30G）不需要导出到测试环境，所以要使用到 expdp 中’exclude’参数。但是在使用过程中还是碰到一点点 question。
二、操作过程
1. 根据 expdp -help 信息中得知 exclude 参数的 for example 如下：
EXCLUDE
Exclude specific object types.
For example, EXCLUDE=SCHEMA: = HR”.
当然 = 也可以替换成 in () 或 like ‘%..%’这种方式，如：exclude=index:”like‘emp%’，也可以只给 object types，如: exclude=VIEW,PACKAGE, FUNCTION
官方文档给出的 Syntax 是
EXCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [, …]
按照上面的例子，我推断出 exclude 参数针对表的使用
exclude=table:”=‘table name’”
2. 执行语句报错，此处说明语法有问题，最终查询到原来是由于没有加转义符。
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ expdp cloan/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp log=cloan_20170713.log exclude=table: = WSCT_DATA compression=all
LRM-00116: syntax error at table: following =
3. 修改，增加转义符后执行成功
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ expdp cloan/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp log=cloan_20170713.log EXCLUDE=TABLE:\ = \ WSCT_DATA\ \ compression=all
Export: Release 11.2.0.4.0 – Production on Thu Jul 13 10:17:50 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Legacy Mode Active due to the following parameters:
Legacy Mode Parameter: log=cloan_20170713.log Location: Command Line, Replaced with: logfile=cloan_20170713.log
Legacy Mode has set reuse_dumpfiles=true parameter.
Starting CLOAN . SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 : cloan/******** DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp logfile=cloan_20170713.log EXCLUDE=TABLE: = WSCT_DATA compression=all reuse_dumpfiles=true
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method…
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
… …
Dump file set for CLOAN.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 is:
/backup/cloan_20170713.dmp
Job CLOAN . SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_02 successfully completed at Thu Jul 13 10:19:18 2017 elapsed 0 00:01:27
4. 导入到测试环境成功
[oracle@testdb backup]$ impdp cloancp/xxxx DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp remap_schema=cloan:cloancp remap_tablespace=cloan:newcloan;
Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 – Production on Thu Jul 13 10:45:30 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table CLOANCP . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting CLOANCP . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 : cloancp/******** DIRECTORY=backup DUMPFILE=cloan_20170713.dmp remap_schema=cloan:cloancp remap_tablespace=cloan:newcloan
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
……
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Job CLOANCP . SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 completed with 4 error(s) at Thu Jul 13 10:46:34 2017 elapsed 0 00:01:04
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