linux下如何恢复被rm意外删除数据文件

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丸趣 TV 小编给大家分享一下 linux 下如何恢复被 rm 意外删除数据文件，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！

恢复被 rm 意外删除数据文件

一. 模拟数据文件删除
[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Dec 31 22:00:52 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

– 数据库版本
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

– 所有数据文件
SQL select name from v$datafile;

NAME
——————————————————————————–
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
/opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

– 删除 example01.dbf 数据文件
SQL !rm /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf

SQL !ls -l /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
ls: /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf: 没有那个文件或目录

– 因为数据文件被删除，创建表失败
SQL create table t_xifenfei tablespace example
2 as select * from dba_tables;
as select * from dba_tables
*
ERROR at line 2:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 5
ORA-01110: data file 5: /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
二. 找回数据文件
– 查找 dbw 进程 spid
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep dbw|grep -v grep
oracle 18387 1 0 Dec22 ? 00:00:12 ora_dbw0_ora11g

– 查看该进程所有文件句柄
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /proc/18387/fd
总计 0
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 0 – /dev/null
l-wx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 1 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 10 – /dev/zero
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 11 – /dev/zero
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 12 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 13 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 14 – /proc/18387/fd
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 15 – /dev/zero
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 16 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 17 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 18 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORA11G
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 19 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/orazhs.msb
l-wx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 2 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 20 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 21 – socket:[441562]
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 256 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 257 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 258 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 259 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 260 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 261 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf (deleted)
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 262 – /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/temp01.dbf
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 3 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 4 – /dev/null
lrwx—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 5 – /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_ora11g.dat
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 6 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 7 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 8 – /dev/null
lr-x—— 1 oracle oinstall 64 12-31 22:03 9 – /dev/null
– 通过句柄恢复数据文件 [被删除数据文件会被标示(deleted)]
[oracle@node1 ~]$ cp /proc/18387/fd/261 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
– 确认该数据文件已经恢复成功
[oracle@node1 ~]$ ll /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
-rw-r—– 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 12-31 22:05 /opt/oracle/oradata/ora11g/example01.dbf
三. 数据文件 online
SQL alter database datafile 5 offline;

Database altered.

SQL recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL alter database datafile 5 online;

Database altered.

SQL create table t_xifenfei tablespace example
2 as select * from dba_tables;

Table created.
四. 补充说明
在意外使用 os 命令删除掉数据文件时，千万不要慌张重启数据库或者操作系统，可以通过 dbwn 进程相关句柄找回数据文件