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本文丸趣 TV 小编为大家详细介绍“Ubuntu 下如何安装 Docker CE”，内容详细，步骤清晰，细节处理妥当，希望这篇“Ubuntu 下如何安装 Docker CE”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑，下面跟着丸趣 TV 小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来学习新知识吧。
安装依赖
关于 docker ce 版本在 ubuntu 下安装有如下限制
64 位的 os
需要 ubuntu64bit 的 os, 确认方法如下
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$版本
支持如下 ubuntu 的版本
artful 17.10
xenial 16.04 (lts)
trusty 14.04 (lts)
注意：其中 artful 17.10 只支持 docker ce17.11 edge 以及以后版本，因为 artful 本身也是在 2017 年 10 月发行的过渡版本
发行代码的确认方式，比如 artful
devops@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -cs
artful
devops@ubuntu:~$硬件
ubuntu 对 docker ce 的支持除了需要是 64 位的 os 之外，x86 的 cpu 也是需要的。除了 x86 之外，还有如下的支持类型
armhf
s390x（ibm z）
ppc64le（ibm power）
devops@ubuntu:~$ uname -m
x86_64
devops@ubuntu:~$安装
apt-get update
使用 apt-get update 更新源中的软件列表
devops@ubuntu:~$ sudo su
[sudo] password for devops:
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:5 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main i386 packages [212 kb]
get:6 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 packages [216 kb]
get:7 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe i386 packages [89.0 kb]
get:8 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 packages [89.9 kb]
fetched 764 kb in 4s (163 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安装所需的 package
命令：apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20170717).
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.17).
the following additional packages will be installed:
libcurl3
the following new packages will be installed:
apt-transport-https
the following packages will be upgraded:
curl libcurl3
2 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 383 kb of archives.
after this operation, 247 kb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 apt-transport-https amd64 1.5.1 [34.7 kb]
get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 curl amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [152 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/main amd64 libcurl3 amd64 7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3 [196 kb]
fetched 383 kb in 14s (26.2 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = en_hk:en ,
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = utf-8 ,
lang = en_hk.utf-8
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale (en_hk.utf-8).
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package apt-transport-https.
(reading database ... 63866 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../apt-transport-https_1.5.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
preparing to unpack .../curl_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
preparing to unpack .../libcurl3_7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) over (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.2) ...
setting up apt-transport-https (1.5.1) ...
setting up libcurl3:amd64 (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up curl (7.55.1-1ubuntu2.3) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#添加 gpg key
使用如下命令添加 docker 官方的 gpg key，
命令：curl -fssl | sudo apt-key add –
执行日志
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# curl -fssl https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#此 key 的数字签名为 9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88，所以可以用其最后 8 位进行确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-key fingerprint 0ebfcd88
pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [scea]
9dc8 5822 9fc7 dd38 854a e2d8 8d81 803c 0ebf cd88
uid [ unknown] docker release (ce deb) [email protected]
sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [s]
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#设定 stable 源仓库
使用如下命令设定 x86 安装类型的 stable 源仓库
命令：add-apt-repository“deb [arch=amd64] $(lsb_release -cs) stable”
如果是其他类型的化，对应关系参看如下，将上述命令中的 arch=amd64 进行替换即可
执行日志：
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# add-apt-repository deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#apt-get update
再次使用 apt-get update 更新源中的软件列表
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get update
hit:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful inrelease
get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-security inrelease [78.6 kb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates inrelease [78.6 kb]
hit:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-backports inrelease
get:5 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful inrelease [51.9 kb]
get:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages [1462 b]
fetched 211 kb in 2s (85.8 kb/s)
reading package lists... done
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安装 docker-ce
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
the following additional packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount libltdl7
the following new packages will be installed:
aufs-tools cgroupfs-mount docker-ce libltdl7
0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
need to get 29.9 mb of archives.
after this operation, 150 mb of additional disk space will be used.
do you want to continue? [y/n] y
get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful-updates/universe amd64 aufs-tools amd64 1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1 [102 kb]
get:2 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 docker-ce amd64 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu [29.8 mb]
get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.4 [6320 b]
get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libltdl7 amd64 2.4.6-2 [38.8 kb]
fetched 29.9 mb in 8s (3536 kb/s)
perl: warning: setting locale failed.
perl: warning: please check that your locale settings:
language = en_hk:en ,
lc_all = (unset),
lc_ctype = utf-8 ,
lang = en_hk.utf-8
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: falling back to a fallback locale (en_hk.utf-8).
locale: cannot set lc_ctype to default locale: no such file or directory
locale: cannot set lc_all to default locale: no such file or directory
selecting previously unselected package aufs-tools.
(reading database ... 63874 files and directories currently installed.)
preparing to unpack .../aufs-tools_1%3a4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
unpacking aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.4_all.deb ...
unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
selecting previously unselected package libltdl7:amd64.
preparing to unpack .../libltdl7_2.4.6-2_amd64.deb ...
unpacking libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
selecting previously unselected package docker-ce.
preparing to unpack .../docker-ce_17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu_amd64.deb ...
unpacking docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
setting up aufs-tools (1:4.1+20161219-1ubuntu0.1) ...
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.4) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
setting up libltdl7:amd64 (2.4.6-2) ...
processing triggers for man-db (2.7.6.1-2) ...
setting up docker-ce (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu) ...
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/docker.socket → /lib/systemd/system/docker.socket.
processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-20) ...
processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2) ...
processing triggers for systemd (234-2ubuntu12.1) ...
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#指定版本安装
如果希望指定版本方式安装，则在安装时需要指定 docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu 版本方式即可
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-cache madison docker-ce
docker-ce | 17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
docker-ce | 17.12.0~ce-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu artful/stable amd64 packages
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# apt-get install docker-ce=17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu
reading package lists... done
building dependency tree
reading state information... done
docker-ce is already the newest version (17.12.1~ce-0~ubuntu).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 53 not upgraded.
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#安装后确认
版本确认
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker version
client:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:17:53 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
server:
engine:
version: 17.12.1-ce
api version: 1.35 (minimum version 1.12)
go version: go1.9.4
git commit: 7390fc6
built: tue feb 27 22:16:25 2018
os/arch: linux/amd64
experimental: false
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#整体信息
可以看出很多基本信息，比如存储方式为 overlay2
root@ubuntu:/home/devops# docker info
containers: 0
running: 0
paused: 0
stopped: 0
images: 0
server version: 17.12.1-ce
storage driver: overlay2
backing filesystem: extfs
supports d_type: true
native overlay diff: true
logging driver: json-file
cgroup driver: cgroupfs
plugins:
volume: local
network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
swarm: inactive
runtimes: runc
default runtime: runc
init binary: docker-init
containerd version: 9b55aab90508bd389d7654c4baf173a981477d55
runc version: 9f9c96235cc97674e935002fc3d78361b696a69e
init version: 949e6fa
security options:
apparmor
seccomp
profile: default
kernel version: 4.13.0-21-generic
operating system: ubuntu 17.10
ostype: linux
architecture: x86_64
cpus: 1
total memory: 988.7mib
name: ubuntu
id: tyya:4lwb:ytha:2dnb:xbxm:nfnp:admy:vzej:2zbn:kpkw:ptml:s5a2
docker root dir: /var/lib/docker
debug mode (client): false
debug mode (server): false
registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
labels:
experimental: false
insecure registries:
127.0.0.0/8
live restore enabled: false
warning: no swap limit support
root@ubuntu:/home/devops#读到这里，这篇“Ubuntu 下如何安装 Docker CE”文章已经介绍完毕，想要掌握这篇文章的知识点还需要大家自己动手实践使用过才能领会，如果想了解更多相关内容的文章，欢迎关注丸趣 TV 行业资讯频道。
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